Judas Priest and Money Essay Example for Free

Judas non-Christian priest and specie EssayMoney, silver, and specie totally mass talk about this crucial thing as if money is the goal of their life. Many people say that we cannot live without money. They say so because al near all the things they need and they want can be gained if only they have money, even for an occupation. Since this reason, peoples melodic theme seems to be changed money is regarded as the determiner of their life and the worst, as the God. But for me, money is not everything although money can buy many things that I want. Money, in my opinion, is only a little piece of our life. We atomic number 18 born not only for getting money. There are the other things that such(prenominal) more important than it. It is badly affect your life when you think that money is everything. Money becomes a reason of the crime discover today. Deception, murder, robbery are all because of it. You leave think about yourself, without caring about another peoples li fe. Your eyes pass on be blinded you leave behind not recognize which one is enemy, trembler or family. As the servant adores his Lord, people get out do anything for money. They transaction all the day for the sake of getting money.If they failed to get much money by doing low salary-fine job, they will run to the worse-dirty job in which they can get much money. For many people who live in poverty, financial must be the prominent problem they have to face. And when they are being asked do you want much money? Their outcome must be completely yes. Then they will do anything-whether it is good or bad- to get it. Next, I tell you another thing why I can say that money is not the most important thing in our life. That is you will be nothing with all of your money if you live merely-without your family, your acquaintanceship or the other people- in this world. Whom will you tell that you have a lot of money? Who will feel envy to you when you have a lot of money? Can you talk with your money when everyone leaves you alone? Can you make a love with your money?All of those questions strengthen my opinion that money is not everything. Money cannot help you to do anything without people around you. The last but not the least, money is not a guarantee to get happiness. The first, money cannot buy health. You will not be happy having a lot of money but you always suffer from some diseases. In the other word, you cannot enjoy it when you are sick. Second, having a lot of money, sometimes make us feel restless we afraid of losing our wealth. Afraid it will bestolen by the other people. Worrying about it makes us live in fear we do not live in happiness. Next, when you feel that you are the winner because you have got much money and so proud of it, then you turn to be very arrogant. Sooner or later, people around you will leave you one by one they are sick of you who turn to be very arrogant.At the first time you may do not care about them, but after all, you wil l be lonely. Are you happy having much money without anyone lives with you? Of course the answer is NO In short, money is not the most important thing in our life. There are many other things that much more important than it. It cannot give a guarantee for happiness. Without being healthy, money is just a musical composition with its number. Without people who give you affection, money is just a thin rectangle thing to fill our wallet up. Money may help you to get what you need and you want, but it is not the determiner of your life, it is not your God. You can work as hard as you can, but keep your body healthy, and do not forget your family, your ace and others who care of you. Those are much more important than money itself.

Comparing and Contrasting Tragic Heroes †Oedipus and Prufrock Essay Example for Free

Comparing and Contrasting Tragic Heroes Oedipus and Prufrock EssayIntroduction Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (1896 1940) the Irish American novelist and short story writer of the ordinal vitamin C said Show me a whiz and I will write you a tragedy(as quoted in memorablequotations.com). Indeed more a good deal than not, great trage croaks of yore were unendingly centered round the deeds or the misdeeds of a hero (usually a man of noble fork over) his misfortunes and the curst nature of his life, fated to suffer and fall from glory. The concepts of heroes and heroism have themselves undergone vast changes from Sophocles (496-406 B. C) times. Consequently, the caprice of hero- found tragedy indeed, sluice the basic traits of heroism has undergone transformation.As against the noble-born, valorous hero of Sophocles and Aristotle (in The Poetics of 30 B. C.), the jet man who struggles to make a decent living, and fulfill ordinary aspirations such(prenominal) as wanting to be loved, given affection, loyalty, friendship etc, in a mundane, mechanized, and mad-after-money world (bereft of human values) his life has be fetch the focus of the twentieth century tragedies. This essay, shall take twain roles, Oedipus the King (425 B.C), in the ancient drama of Sophocles, and J. Alfred Prufrock, in the twentieth century poet T.S. Eliots (1888 1965) Love melody of J. Alfred Prufrock (1915), and analyze their similarities and dissimilarities, with a brief interpretation of Tragic Hero as given by Sophocles, and the definition of a Tragic Hero in modern times.Definitions with illustrations of Tragic Heroes Ancient and Twentieth Century First, the idea of a sadal hero, in the ancient times shall be discussed. Aristotle, who was a great Greek philosopher and thinker, stipulated a couple of traits as absolutely necessary for a tragic hero he must be noble origin, or at least possess a noble spirit, and he must be the cause of his own suffering. Aristotle (384 -322 B.C), quoting the character of Oedipus depicted by Sophocles, laid down certain rules that a tragic hero must possess a leader who is filled with good and bad elements Oedipus was of noble birth and had many noble characters like wanting redeem his country from the plague, but he also was in any case proud etc he is ignorant of his imminent fall, though the audience have prior knowledge of it in case of Oedipus the audience had prior knowledge of his birth and identity, while he considers himself the son of Polybus, the king of Corinth his ingrained flaw or hamartia is the cause of his fall his belief that he can over come the prophecy that he will kill his father suffers isolation because of this self-exile from Corinthsuffering is irreversible the blinding he causes to himself later undergoes punishment because of his own pride or hubris Oedipus pursues the killer of King Laius, contempt counsel against it a misguided sense of heroism, wherein he is prep atomic numb er 18d to take on the guilt of the state or kingdom on himself his belief that he can somehow overcome the prophecy of the oracle by exit his parents resulting in greater conflict with fate Oedipus finally goes to Thebes and killed his own father, without knowing who the latter was, thereby fulfilling the oracle a restoration of balance to the original state of social harmony through and through cleansing of pathos and fear Oedipus undertakes to go a dash in exile which was the punishment he had ordered for the killer of the preliminary king handing over the kingdom to Creon which he called catharsis or tragic satisfaction (adapted from Allingham, 20021). Thus Oedipus but fits the role with of a tragic hero, as laid down by Aristotle.Coming to modern tragic hero of the twentieth century, as mentioned earlier, has come a long way from the stipulations of the ancients for tragic-heroism. Daniel J. Boorstin (1914 2004), anAmerican writer, and the Librarian of Congress, negotia tion of the heroes of the modern world as being anonymous and the unsung hero the honest cop, the hard thespian at lonely, underpaid, unglamorous, unpublicized jobs (as in memorablequotations.com). A modern tragic hero may described as individual who does not h previous(a) any of the ancient lofty ideals, rather as an ordinary man who is let down with the ruthless world around him and is not able to come to terms with it and suffers thereby with a note of helplessness, and is unable to realize his safe potential because of this. Typically, he is subjected to moods, driven by extreme happiness or plunged into extreme sorrow, genuinely sophisticated, filled with doubts, lives in the crowded cities yet suffers desperately from isolation, smart yet sensitive, and often disillusioned to such an extent that he feels life itself has lost all meaning or rele avant-gardecy to him. Eliots Prufrock, typically suffers all these qualities.For example, he is always filled with self-doubt, a deep phobia of life, tour into what one could perhaps best describe as complete biological defeatism (Mirsky, undated). He seems to be the very best re kick ination of so many negative attributes, like procrastination, indecision, doubts, frustration that reflects the impotent helplessness of the modern, urban man. The first few follows in the song are from Dantes Inferno, which is used as a prelude, to maneuver that Prufrock, the protagonist is already doomed and is voicing out his thoughts because he is so sure that no-one is hearing them. The poem describes the innermost feelings, extremely tortured with a wanting, to disclose his love to his chosen woman, but prevented from self-doubt, and fear, phobia, Do I dare / Disturb the universe? (Eliot, lines 44-45), because he only knew too well the out come of such expression That is not what I meant at all (Eliot, line 97).The vivid description of the places, possibly his home plate place, reflects the sordid state in which the typical twentieth century man lived, and the isolation he matte up of lonely men in shirt-sleeves (Eliot, line 73). Eliots Prufrock, ultimately fails even to begin his proposal to his maam love, because he could not muster the courage to do it, with a premonition of failure overcoming him and, grows old, suffering life-long loneliness. In a sense this defeatism, is his flaw that proves to be the cause of his woes.He claims that he is not Prince Hamlet (Eliot, line 111), referring to the Shakespearean tragic hero, implying his lack of royal lineage, but the irony is that he is, in fact scarce like Hamlet, who by postponing his decision avenge his fathers terminal, by killing kill Claudius, leads to the death of many others, and finally his own. All this prove that, he does conform to the image of a twentieth century tragic-hero.Comparing and Contrasting, the two tragic heroes One similarity between the two characters that strikes a literature savant immediately is that, both Oe dipus and Prufrock, actually are depicted as surviving long into old age, despite all their sadness and failures and disillusionment. Almost as if to chew cud, ruminate all that had gone by and to die a slow painful death of their miserable actions misguided in Oedipus case, Woe, woe, and woe again / How through my soul there darts the sting of pain, / The memory of my crimes (Sophocles, lines 1372-74) and inactions in the case of Prufrock, I grow old (Eliot, line 120).Both, ultimately realize their folly, or flaw, but are helpless to reverse the situation. In Prufrocks case, he is entirely the cause of his own suffering, but still is impotent to change the situation. Both freeze off themselves for their helplessness. Thus, their sufferings seem amplified and add to the brooding quality of their tragic lives. Both are isolated and are hate by the world, in their thinking. Prufrock states that he doesnt think that the mermaids will sing to him Oedipus begs to be led away hurriedly, being the most polluted of all, and Of all men most accursed (Sophocles, line1396).Though the two characters dowry the above stated common traits and both are tragic heroes, there are quite a few dissimilarities too. The first difference is the form of portrayal of the tragic heroes. Oedipus is the hero of the dramatic form, and hence his character is more clear and open to study, presenting a fuller picture of all his characteristic traits and complex behavior. Prufrock, on the other hand is neither a king, nor of noble thinking, and he is the tragic hero in a poem. Implicitly, the shortage of space in a poem puts limitations on extensive character portrayal of the hero. Thus, the school-age child is able to study only a portion of the characters life-span of Prufrock, in contrast to the full life history of Oedipus.The other most striking contrast is that Oedipus is an ancient tragic hero actively upholding the principles of high idealism, altruism, justice, and valor while be ing beleaguered by feelings of jealousy, treachery, disloyalty, dishonor, greed, lust for power etc, the modern, tragic-hero is more of an anti-hero, and impotent. In the sense, he is so defeated by the power of the dull, uninspiring world around him, that he prefers to rather bear inactive, than to actively try to change his situation and be defeated. It is almost as if the uselessness of the attempts of the ancient tragic heroes have been embedded in the collective psyche of the modern tragic hero, and hence, he is already apprised of the outcome, he doesnt even want to attempt.Oedipus not being aware of his true identity, led him to falsely believe that Polybus was his father, and thereafter his vow never to return to Corinth. But still he, as the mark of a true hero took an action of self-exile which ultimately led to fructify the designs of fate. Nevertheless, he was action-oriented and defeated. Whereas, the modern tragic hero in Prufrock, is so much a pessimist, that he re mains defeated with inaction by cut down preference. In fact, it is said that T.S. Eliot was reflecting on the dismal conditions of the world surrounding him, and this poem partially paved the way for his other later works like The Wasteland (1922).The differing time-periods of the two characters have resulted in the portrayal of the contrastive societies in which these two heroes lived. For example, the people of the land of Thebes have been represented as the Chorus, and they are actively twisty in the happenings of the state, the king and the welfare of the state, showing a healthy environment whereas, the desolate depiction of the twentieth century environment, in Eliots poem is more dismal, and uninspiring. It seems the society as a common string had died out, or at least not visible.Conclusion The tragic heroes Oedipus and Prufrock belong to totally different ages consequently, present entirely different set of traits and ideals by which they are depicted. While both the heroes have some aspects common to all tragedies, they also display very contrasting traits which make their study, all the more interesting. However, both are symbols of negative impact that afflict the state, ancient and the twentieth century. List of readings and works citedThe sources on which this essay is based on areEliot, T.S.(18881965).The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock in Prufrock and Other Observations.1917. On line edition publish May 1996 by Bartleby.com Web addresshttp//www.bartleby.com/198/1.html Accessed on June 12, 2006.Sophocles. Oedipus the King, translated by E. H. Plumptre. Vol. VIII, Part 5. The HarvardClassics. New York P.F. Collier Son, 190914 Bartleby.com, 2001. Website address http//www.bartleby.com/8/5/2.html andhttp//www.bartleby.com/8/5/3.html Accessed on June 12, 2006.Other works cited and readings that have helped in gaining a better understanding towards writing this essay areAllingham, V, Philip. 2002. Aristotelian Tragedy and the Novels of Thomas robust inThe Victorian Web. Websitehttp//www.victorianweb.org/authors/hardy/pva187.htmlAccessed on June 12, 2006.McCoy, Kathleen., Harlan, Judith. (1992). ENGLISH LITERATURE FROM 1785 (New York HarperCollins, 1992 265-66) Web site address http//www.vanderbilt.edu/autonomic nervous system/english/English151W-03/prufrock.htm Accessed on June 12, 2006.memorablequotations.com (2005). Memorable Quotations Heroes website addresshttp//www.memorablequotations.com/heroquotes.htmAccessed on June 12, 2006.Mirsky, D.S. Undated. T. S. Eliot and The End of Bourgeois Poetry trans. by Gunnar Jauch,Annelie Hultn, and Arwin van Arum. Website addresshttp//members.chello.nl/a.vanarum8/EliotProject/Essays/Mirsky.htmAccessed on June 12, 2006.

Assessor Award Essay Example for Free

Assessor Award EssayA1 Assessor Award BY fiffi20 7317 vocational Assessors Award Underpinning Knowledge Requirements QI. The way how I identify and use several(predicate) types of shows when carrying out surveyments atomic number 18 by reading through all the chosen building blocks taxment enunciates to surrender a clear understanding of the criteria/elements which the scene must(prenominal) meet. The different types of turn outs which croup be used are, labor Statements, Work Product/ Work Evidences, Observations, appurtenant Evidences, Questionnaires, Professional Discussions and overly Witness Statements. Q2.When comparing different types of evidences, I make sure the work ware overs either, the Skills and Techniques or the Performance Indicators depends on the NVQ draw, this get done on both(prenominal) the mandatory unit as well as the unit the nominee is working on. This is done by me sound outing the evidence against the Assessment handle and refer encing the elements which throw away been met. Q3. When it comes to me pulling evidence I normally get my aspects to score their evidences in black and colour instead of colour to save the cost of their ink cartridge.If possible I would as well as learn them to print double sided to save paper. I always ask my candi reckons if they accommodate created any sort of evidence anterior to our eeting, that way I could see if the evidence is suit suitable for the task and if its meets any of the elements on the assessment report if so this saves a cluster of time on the chance behalf if non, I do set my candidates deadlines for them to meet, so that way in that locationfore can end up to hand over evidences. Q4.If a candidate has completed evidences preliminary to the assessment process I would ask them to tell how they started and completed the task. I would also have a Professional Discussion with them to cover accredited Performance Indicators as well as getting a Wi tness Statement completed by a person high indeed he candidate, individual who can confirm that the candidate was able tackle this task. Depends on the unit, I would more or lesstimes also dampen Questionnaires to them to cover their Knowledge and Understanding. Q5.To develop and agree assessment plans with the candidates I consider all Performance Indicators and Skills and Techniques for each chosen unit, I then advise them on the assessment methods which go away be used to collect the evidence and also a date/time of completion is set and agreed by both the candidate and myself. Q6. To assess the performance of my candidate I observe them while they are ackling the work evidence and I also question them this could either be verbal or written. Through this method I can pin point their performance against specific parts of the standard. evelop their competency would be to apportion them plain take uping on specific areas which they lack knowledge in and also set them task w here I could observe them on that particular training to see whether or not they understood to concept and learnt from the training. I would also question them to confirm they understanding. By doing this I can make sure the candidate will be able to meet the criteria/element. Q8. Different candidate have different necessarily, some need more(prenominal) training and guidance than new(prenominal)s. So when changing assessment procedures all aspect must be considered.For modelling I have a candidate who is a Personal Assistant for a Head teacher in a school which I assess in. I show her the Action Plans and Assessment Reports and relieve the criteria/element which she must meet, she is able to produce evidence instantly due to IT knowledge and Job role, this candidate need very little training in her Business and Administration course as grand as I explain what is required from her and her work products/work evidences. However I then have a candidate who is a receptionist at a medical centre, this candidate has dyslexia and needs a abundant amount of training and guidance, especially with her Task Statements.A lot more time must be spent with this candidate and the deadline of evidence must be slightly longer then others. Q9. When collecting evidences must ensure there are no confidentially information which relates to neither the keep company nor their clients/customers. The evidences must be created by the candidates so that way they are valid and fair. If the candidate does not create the evidence then it is hard to identify whether or not it is air. All evidences must be valid. I must check dates and check the assessment reports.I must speak to the Manager and advise them which type of evidence the candidate will be submitting. QIO. When complete work evidences, the evidence must follow the assessment standard of the CADCentre unit standard booklet. QI 1. To measure existing levels of competence I always question my candidates, this could either be verbal or written. I also get the candidate to perform the task so Im able to observe and settle their competency level. Q12. To make a valid and time-tested assessment of my candidates knowledge I ormally hold a professional discussion with them and also given them questionnaires to complete.Q13. To make a valid and reliable assessment of my candidates performance I get my candidate to produce work evidence to support there claim, to complete a Task Statement and I then type out the Observation which will backup the task which they completed and also to reference the criteria/elements which they successfully matched. collect the work evidence and the Task Statement from the candidate and then I would go through the assessment report and tick despatch the criteria/elements which they uccessfully met. This is done once IVe collect all evidences towards the relevant unit.This will show that the candidate was capable to clashing the required criteria/ elements. QI 5. To check that the evidence was created by the candidate I always ask them to demonstrate who they created the evidence and also I would take down the file path. The file path is added to the candidates work evidence as well as in my Observations. Q16. To make sure that supporting evidences supplied by other community are reliable I ask the Manager to write out a Witness Statement, I would also speak to the witness egarding the candidates unit, explaining the criteria/elements which they need to cover and will be assed on.The witness must have knowledge and receive in the area which I will assess to allow them to write up the statement otherwise it will not be valid. QI 7. I always tell the candidates that they can use evidences which they previously created towards the chosen unit. For instance an ITQ candidate might have already created a Powerpoint demonstration a few weeks ago and as she/he Chose this particular unit, instead of getting them to re-create some other resentation we would us e the same as long as it met all the relevant criteria/ elements.This saves the candidate a lot of time and effort and fast tracks he collection of the evidence. Q18. The way how I give constructive feedback to my candidates is by after the completion ofa task I would sit down with them and go over the task again. My feedback tabloid will state the unit number, the task which the candidate has completed, date of completion, a brief paragraph gift a positive feedback on the task, state any issues which the candidate might have had during the task and also I ention the next stage which they will be moving on to.Q19. The way how I carry my candidates in the planning of assessment , I sit with them and explain all the criteria/elements which they will need to meet, the date of completion must also be agreed by both parties. I would also Judge whether or not the candidate will need extra training times on certain criteria/element to allow them to meet them. Q20. To keep to the info p rotection act I must memory board all candidates details safe and secure. Candidate detail must not be shown nor shared with any other candidates or any one outside the CADCentre. Q21.I have a lot of patients and give a lot of my time to my candidates who I feel lack to take part in different in their assessment. Im constantly training them to regain their confidences and knowledge. I also advise them that they can email or call me regarding any questions which they might have. I also give them the option of training them through specific area. IVe noticed that more practice the candidate has the better their understanding is. Q22. I make sure that I treat all my candidates the same, all with the same respect regardless to age, gender, race or beliefs.I train all my candidates equally, however I o sometimes give extra time/training to those who are in need. Q23. To meet the needs to each of my candidate, I assess them on the second initial blab after the signup. I question them ve rbally to have a clear view of the competency and needs. From that I can Judge which candidate will need extra training. Q24. I always give a feedback to all my candidates after the completion ofa task or even a unit. Again in this I will verbal talk to them as well as write out a feedback sheet.Feedbacks are very important to candidates, they can see their progressions and also identify their weaknesses. Q25. I have always construct a good friendly relationship with all my candidates, make them feel at ease to ask questions and get in contact with me at any time regarding any issues which they might have with the course/evidence. Q26. To monitor and review the progress of my candidates I always complete an eight week review which states and identifies how the candidate is progressing, whether its a slow progression or an up to date progress.Deadlines are always set with my candidates and some do meet them and some do go over the deadline. Q27. Candidates are always upgrading their positions within companies. I must ake sure that my knowledge and understand of the course, assessment reports and standards are ofa high level to allow me to assess the candidates. Knowledge in softwares are also very important, as a candidate might chose to complete their NVQ in a specific software such as Access.Access is a informationbase software which not many people know how to use and not many companies use, so to be able to assess and train in Access my knowledge and understand must be high. Q28. To update my existing skills and experience I would take full advantage of any training/course opportunities which may arise. This will rise my skills, nowledge and also experience. Q29. I would take in consideration any Internal Verifier feedbacks, I would also constantly look at the City and Guilds web site and also sign up for the Newsletters. Q30.To amend my personal development I would again take full advantage of any qualifications and criterias. Q31. To meet my candidate s needs in a safe, fair, valid and reliable manner I would take in to account there needs and work in line with the relevant legislations. As I mentioned before I have a candidate who suffers from Dyslexia, with her I need to print the text in a larger grimace and explain each point to her fully for her to have fully nderstanding of what is required from her. Q32. To recognise and challenge below the belt discrimination in assessments I would refer back to the procedure, CADCentre Handbook.Q33. I would liaise with the Internal Verifier and then External Verifier to get advice on meeting candidates special assessment requirements. Q34. To identify and plan for issues of confidentiality and data protection during the assessment process I would either collect the Work Product or if the data is confidential then I would only request the file path. The file path is needed in case he Internal Verifier or External Verifier wanted to go to the company and have a look and the evidence. Q35 .The way how I would record, store and pass on assessment decisions to other people within an agreed system would be by recording it on assessment plans and completing a summary of achievement. Q36. I would say to identify and assess things that could influence my own competence, could be an ITQ unit such as (214). By observing another person I could learn new skills on a particular software. Q37. I would liaise with my manager and request training in either a particular course, scheme, FL, CPD and also PTTLS.

Paul’s Teachings Essay Example for Free

capital of Minnesotas Teachings leaven1. look for on the Epistle to the GalatiansThe New will Book Epistle to the Galatians is ascribed by the Catholic church service building to St. Paul but immediately believed to be written by wee Christian missionary Paul of Tarsus to the former(a) Christian communities in Galatia, then a Roman province. It was an intensely personal letter wherein Paul primarily tackled the circumcision issue during those early days of Christianity.The issue of circumcising Gentile converts, considered to be culturally offensive to Romans, was then being hotly debated. In the Epistle, Paul cautions against the introduction of Jewish practices, such as circumcision, into the community of Christians.The circumcision debate written in Galatians was classical for St. Paul because he wanted to point out to the Gentiles that the prescriptions that regulated the day-to-day lives of the Jews under the Law of Moses are meant to lead men to salvation through C hrist. Some Galatian converts or Judaizers at that time insisted that observance of the Law, including circumcision, abstemiousness and certain ritual purifications, was prerequisite to being good or perfect Christians.During the Old Testament, circumcision served as a mans public pledge to the complete observance of mosaic Law. In Pauls argument against circumcision, he mentions Old Testament figures such as Abraham, Isaac, Ishmael, Sarah and Hagar in order to explain and illustrate what it means to follow Gods advice ( 421, Galatians). victimisation the story of the birth of Isaac and Ishmael, Paul stresses that Christians should genuinely believe and follow all of Gods advise, not only ghostly traditions but more so, following the examples of Christ.In addressing the circumcision issue in the Epistle, Paul thereby explains that by itself, the Mosaic Law had no power to save because salvation needs individual faith and the grace of Jesus.2. Essay on the Books of timothy I, Tim othy II and TitusThe New Testament Books First Epistle to Timothy, Second Epistle to Timothy and Epistle to Titus are three Pastoral Epistles attributed to St. Paul but straight off believed to be from Paul of Tarsus. They are collectively termed as the Pastoral Epistles chiefly because the letters are addressed to pastors or heads of the early Church regarding proper intervention of the ministry.Together, the Epistles instruct the Bishop Timothy and the Christian worker Titus on the general principles regarding community order and faith. Specifically, the greater get off the ground of the Timothy I is devoted to instructions on the proper ordering of Christian community conduct for it to function smoothly. It also admonishes Timothy on the duties of the bishops and deacons in terms of preaching, praying in public and care for the Church members. Timothy II, on the other stresses the faithful dispensing of the responsibilities by church leaders and provides encouragement to the Bishop.The Pastoral Epistles utter of the proper conduct of both men and women proper behavior when inside the Church respect for onetime(a) and young people treatment of elderly and rules for the enrollment of widows and other prescriptions for good and Christian behavior. They also dress down of how to remain steadfast in faith by rejecting false teachings and safeguarding the truths in the Church. Such is a wind of the pressures against and the corresponding struggles to strengthen the faith within the community.The administrative activities, especially as found in Timothy I tell us that the early Church then was already, or at least radical to be, structured and orderly and made up of united members. This is seen, for one, in the discussion on the selection of church leaders.These three Epistles definitely communicate to us the difficulties of the early Church. The part in Timothy II wherein Paul exhorted the Bishop to be patient in the face of persecution is best illustrat es the serious problems they encountered. The recommendations in the Timothy I and Titus regarding the figure of character needed for the leaders of the Church suggest the earnest efforts to build and fortify what we know now to be a heavily challenged Church back then.In gist, Timothy I and II and Titus award the picture of the Christian community during the incipient period of the Church. The Books show that times were hard but that the early Christians, herein guided by Paul, mustered their faith and effort for the ministry.

Phonology reading Essay Example for Free

Phonology tuition Es study1. I herewith certify that I am the author of the attached item of coursework and that all materials from reference sources contribute been justly acknowledged. 2. I lowstand what plagiarism is and what penalties may be imposed on students found guilty of plagiarism. 3. I certify that this paper contains no plagiarized material. 4. I certify that this is my own work and that I did non receive any unfair assistance from others (including unauthorized collabo hoboion) in its preparation. 5.I certify that this paper has not previously been submitted either in its entirety or in part within the UWI system or to any other educational institution. 6. In the case of group work a. I certify that the man-to-man work of each member of the group has been clearly indicated b. that where no such indication has been given, I hear the responsibility for the work as if it were the section of the paper for which I am solely responsible and c. that I have not col laborated with any members of the group to breach the Universitys regulations.Signature M. Thompson Date February 25, 2013 Children of the 21st deoxycytidine monophosphate will face many challenges that will require them to use nurture in different forms. As we begin the reinvigorated millennium, research- based approaches to teach study and writing is being relied upon to drive students towards the ultimate goal. Literacy for all, taking into custody how children learn, particularly how they learn to remove and write influences the instructional approaches taken in foundations as well as classrooms.Adams (1990) defines Phonological consciousness as an cognizance of phones and the ability to revealed occupations such as create verbally, matching sounds, deleting sounds, blending or segmenting sounds. Because these sounds atomic number 18 utter wrangle they require testing to manipulate phonological segments. This is required to determine the act of good readers and po or readers. Depend on the result nonpareil can determine which elements of phonological awargonness are absent or reliable for both readers.He get along articulate that they are fin levels of difficulty in phonological cognizance these are Awareness of rhyme and alliteration, comparing and contrasting the sounds of delivery for rhyme and alliteration, blending and splitting syllables, full segmentation of component phonemes and adding deleting and moving phonemes. In addition to these five levels of difficulty is the importance of phonological development. Phonological development is the key to phonological awareness. Proctor and Compton (2004) babies are not born with the full range of adult perceptual abilities, which include the five senses vision, hearing, smell, taste and touch.However, these abilities develop greatly within the first year of life. Newborn babies can only process sensory information and their discretion of sight, sound and touch stimuli develop rapidly as they grow. This leads to cognitive development which, in turn lays the knowledgeability for terminology development. In preschool years, a child develops phonological encyclopaedisms, these skills acquired in a largely unconscious, or unvoiced fashion that is to say, up to now though the child may be able to produce certain vowels, harmonicals and consonant clusters he or she has not explicit awareness of doing so.Phonological awareness is so called because the child becomes explicitly aware of the phonology being taught and has the conscious ability to detect and manipulate phonological unit of measurements. It is important to eyeshade that phonological awareness is a subset of the larger set of skills known as phonological bear upon. Phonological processing involves receiving sound waves from the ear and then using this date to assemble pronunciation of the word that was spoken. The process of put together a pronunciation is known as coding.Deficits in phonological p rocessing are responsible for both(prenominal) differences between good and poor readers (Stanorich, 1986 poor readers are slower and less accurate than good readers. numerous studies have found that certain levels of phonological awareness are essential to the development of early translation ability such as an awareness of rhyme, the ability to blend sounds, to isolate initial and net consonants and to make do phonological elements smaller than Syllables.Other more difficult elements of phonological awareness are developed as a result of learning to read, that is the relationship between phonemic awareness and learning to read is close to likely one of reciprocal causition or mutual facilitation (Yopp, 1992,) The relationship between phonological awareness and version acquisition are complex, and there is strong evidence that difficulty with awareness and manipulation of communicatory sounds has powerful effects on practice ability.However, the most positive finding ste mming from research on phonological awareness is that critical levels of phonological awareness can be developed through carefully intend instruction (Chard Dickson 1999) there is too consistent champion that phonological awareness facilitates version and is facilitated by reading instruction. (Smith,Simmons Kameenui 1995) This finding has important implications for teaching. It implies that students essential be taught explicitly active sounds in order to benefit from reading instruction but in addition that phonological awareness can be highlighten in relation to reading of text.Teaching programs, therefore, need to include activities which focus on the sounds in spoken English in pre-school and in the early years of schooling. Such activities include rhyming activities, breaking speech into individual words, alliteration, blending sounds, segmenting of words into onset rime and then to more demanding tasks such segmenting or deletion of individual. Charles A. Perfetti, Nicole Landi, and Jane Oakhill simple state that reading acquisition is the comprehension of learning to understand writing as well as one understands spoken terminology has empirical justification.(Curtis, 1980 Sticht James, 1984). also added that learning to read, the correlations between reading and spoken language comprehension are small because at the beginning, children are learning to decode and identify words, so it is these word-reading processes that limit comprehension. He further established that as children move beyond the beginnings of learning to read, the correlations between reading comprehension and spoken language comprehension increase and then level out by high school Famous behavioristic skinner (1974) explained students learn to read by learning a series of discrete skills.He believes that learning is the result of stimulus and response actions direct instructions are given when teaching the requisite skill in a planned, sequential manner. Information is p resented in small steps and reinforced through formula until a solid foundation is laid. Jean Piagets (1969) constructivism theoretical framework differs, as learning is described as the modification of students cognitive structures schemata as they interact with or adapt to their environment schemata are like psychical filing cabinets and new information is organized with prior knowledge in filling system.Piaget also posited that children are active motivated thinkers and learners so instead of instructors and adults dispensing information or knowledge, children are engaged with experiences so that they spay their schemata and construct their own knowledge. The sociolinguistics contributes a cultural dimension to how children learn. They view reading and writing as fond activities that reflect the culture and community in which children live. (heath ,1983 ,vygotsky1978,1986)according to Vygotsky, language athletic supporter to organize thought and children use language to lea rn as well as to communicate with others.Tremendous amount of new research under the term emergent literacy (teale sulzby 1991) shows us what happens in the homes of children where literacy is a priority. Children borned into homes where somewhatone spends time with them in reading activities manner of walking into the school system with an incredible foundation on which phonological awareness can be built. Parents or adults read to children and talk to them about what is being read. The reading is normally done in the lap sic where the child can see pictures as well as the words used to tell about the pictures.Favourite books are read again and again hence creating a stimulating environment for reading acquisition to begin. Parents are the childrens first and best teachers and can therefore do many things to support their childrens development at home. In addition to reading to their children and listening to their children attempting to read to them they are structure childre ns self esteem and phonological awareness. In some homes the main reading experience is the bible, new papers, nursery rhyme or novels. Families write signs on furniture, make shopping lists or leave written messages for others.As children are able to hear and identify sounds from intra uterine to infancy, gradually they are able to freestanding syllables and manipulate the sounds in words, expanding their grasp of frequently used words and phrases. Favourite stories are re-read until they become known and words are easily pronounced as they talk an appreciation is developed for associating sounds with earn, a alkali that is necessary for learning to read. The phonological system is important for both oral and written language as it plays a crucial role in reading instruction during the primary grades.Children use their knowledge of phonics as they learn to read and write. Phonological Development and Phonological Awareness Unit 2, outline that phonological awareness cannot be the only cause of reading acquisition. This is so based on the studies carried out which discover other influence on reading development. Adams 1990 highlighted the importance of alphabetic principle which consists of alphabetic understanding with the knowledge that garners correspond with sounds and words are composed of sounds.Therefore, it is evident that phonological awareness and reading acquisition has some forms of relationship since both has powerful effects on reading ability. Based on the information self-contained the levels of phonological awareness can be developed through carefully planned instruction where students must be taught clearly about sounds in order to benefit from reading instruction and develop phonological ability. The importance of phonological awareness in relation to reading acquisition posits by Juel, 1986) a longitudinal study of children in first and second grade.The study is quiet evident that children who perform low in phonemic awareness in fir st grade remained the low performances in reading through twenty-five percent part grade remain the low performers in reading through fourth grade. With this in mind when operative with children it must be clear that phonemic awareness is a perquisite for learning to read Cunningham, 1999, as they become phonemically aware, children recognize that speech can be segmented into smaller units, this knowledge is very expedient as they learn about sound-symbol accord and spelling anatomys.Phonological developmentand phonological awareness unit 2 posits that phonemic awareness is critical to the reading process because reading involves the translation of graphemes into phonemes if one does not mastered all the phonemes in language, then they are not in a position to empathise graphemes into phonemes, students who have not mastered phonemic awareness experience reading difficulty. So with this is mind one relevant key principle of effective phonological awareness instruction is nurs ery rhymes. Rhymes are the correspondence of ending sounds or words or lines of verse.Rhyming is the ability to indentify words that have identical final sounds segments Bryan and Bradley (1985)report that scores of initial rhyming test predicted reading and spelling progress and years later police detective suggest rhyme facilitates reading and spelling in the following ways rhyming helps students develop phonemic awareness, which facilitates decoding, rhyming teaches students to group words together by sound, thereby reducing the number of words they have to learn to read by making generalizations of larger sound units, rhyming teaches students to make connections between categories and the letter string patterns that are used to spell words.I would read stories that have rhyming words, draw to the students tutelage the word that rhyme, help students to identify the patterns made by a rhyme, recite rhymes, sing the rhymes, clap to the rhymes even act out the rhymes. Sing and use students names to complete the rhyme example wallaby Wallaby, Wusan an elephant sat on Suzan wallaby Wallaby Wark an elephant sat on Mark as students catch on to the rhyming pattern, they can generate the rhyme using other names.For example in these four activities the teacher read aloud a story that contains many words that rhyme for example a fat rat in hat. After reading the story the students will chant the rhyming words heard in the story. The next drill the teacher introduce the rhyme at then students follow the rhyming pattern bat, cat, fat, hat, mat pat, rat and sat.Students will clap and sing as they say each rhyming word. For activity two students will stand in a line the first person will say a rhyme which relates to at if it is correct, the child gets the chance to shoot a ball in the provided hoop. If it is incorrect, teacher and students will assist and that child goes to the back of the line.The last activity students will be provided with a gull activity sheet in which they will fill in the missing letter based on what was learned in activities one and two to a higher place. These activities will be modeled daily until students fully grasped the concepts. modelling is the process of demonstrating for someone something he or she does not know Bandura,(1986). when students see teachers or parents at home reading or writing a letter modeling is taking place, so thats why modeling can be a very constructive way that students can be taught reading. simulation can be implicit or explicit (Roehler duffy , 1991). According to Deanna mascle rhyme is important to emergent literacy and learning to read because it teaches children about language. Rhyming helps children about word families such as let, met, pet, and get.Rhyming also teaches children the sound of language. Other important skills include phonological awareness, the ability to notice and work with sounds in language. Rhyme help with phonemic awareness which is the smallest units of sound that make up words. The awareness leads to reading and writing success. Rhyme also teaches children who are learning to read about the patterns and structures of both spoken and written language. Rhymes expose children to the rhythm of the language this will help them read with intonation in their voice instead of first a monotone. Rhymes also prepare children to make predictions while learning words and give them crucial decoding skills.When students are go about with reading challenges as that one referred to in the study by Juel et al( 1986) that children from first grade through fourth are low performing children in phonemic awareness rhyme, can help make the task both easier and more fun, teach important language skills, and teach language pattern and structure. These benefits given above are of vital importance in giving your child a positive start to reading. References.http//www. pitt. edu/perfetti/PDF/The%20Acquisition%20of%20Reading%20Comprehension%20Skill http//linguisti cs. huji. ac. il/IATL/27/Abstracts/Gafni. pdf http//Ezine article. com/? expert=Deanna_mascle. Literacy for the 21st century A Balanced Approach 4th edition by Gail E. Tompkins Literacy helping children construct meaning 5th edition by J. David Cooper with Nancy D. Kiger Phonics They Use words for reading and writing by Patricia m. Cunningham Unit 2 EDLS6501 Module 2 Phonological Developments and Phonological Awareness.

Play And Physical Health Essay Example for Free

Play And Physical Health EssayPlay is characterized by behaviors that are intrinsically motivated and self initiated. It is a process oriented, non-literal and pleasurable activity. it also has other characteristics as being exploratory, among other things (Fromberg, 2002). Play is an encompassing activity that affects the physical (Frost et al. 2001), social (Murata Maeda, 2002), emotional and cognitive cultivation of the child. (Murata Maeda, 2002) Children spend an ample of their time playing. Children interact with their peers and parents most time by playing with them.A tidy sum of their interaction with their parents builds their intellectual prowess. They learn to build social bonds with their family. (Rivkin 1995) . Moreover, interacting with their peers help them to become individuals that are completely unified into the society. Interaction with their colleagues sometimes brings about traumatic experiences like inflicting bodily wounds. The effect of what they do might loaf with them for the rest of their lives. However sweet the playing experience could be, it can also be nasty.Aside from sharpening the physical and mental agility of a child, playing can also bring upon them serious medical emergencies as a result of accidents. Although play is an important part of sociological interaction, it is one of the major ways by which children learn role playing. Playing is also a way by which children keep themselves healthy. (Murata Maeda, 2002) Play is skilful for the children but in order for it to bring out the desired results, it must be in the proficient environment (Rivkin 1995).The environment must be attractive enough to facilitate the play so as to encourage the action. In selecting play objects for children, it is important to consider their abilities and temperament so as non to unknowingly hand them tools that they can use in inflicting bodily harm to themselves and their peers. Also, they must play under the charge of an older adult to monitor their activities. Play is pleasurable, it is good for the development of the child but it must not be allowed to get out of hand.

Human Resources Integration Essay Example for Free

world Resources Integration EssayHugh McCauley, the Chief Operations Officer of Riordan Manufacturing, has put a service request, SR-rm-022 to integrate twain alert kind-hearted Resources tools into a single integrated operation across all plant locations. The telephone circuit would like to take advantage of a more sophisticated, state-of-the-art, cultivation establishments technology to replace their original Human Resources Information System or HRIS (Riordan Manufacturing, 2006.) In response to this request, this document pass on outline the pursual items. The information- fabrication techniques and transcriptions analytic thinking tools proposed for this project. Critical factors to secure the sucessful gathering of information regarded for the project. Description of the project scope and the atomic number 18as of project feasibility, and advert stakeholders of which requirements leave be collected ar also discussed.INFORMATION GATHERINT TECHNIQUE S AND SYSTEMS ANALYSIS TOOLSTo ensure project success, it is strategic to gather your profound stakeholders together to discuss the body. Key Stakeholders for this project would be key management personnel department, IT mental faculty, and use of goods and servicesrs of both the bequest corpse, and the new organization. Your key stakeholders will also be the firstborn train of intelligence gathering performed. Key management personnel such as Hugh McCauley, the COO, who hatful give the corporate view of the legacy and the new placement. HR Director Yvonne McMillian and Payroll/Tax Clerk Anan Richlich mass give an exact use grounds on the HRIS system, and will be the two primordial sources of legacy information. Director Yvonne green goddess do grooming requirements with the function of the IT department. The IT department give notice provide information about the legacy system and the capabilities of the up-to-the-minute infrastructure of the fear. IT can als o judge and approve new requirements, privacy structures, and future advocate compulsory to maintain thesystem.Face-to-face interviews will allow information gathering from these key exclusives. Questions, an outline of topics, and a primary agenda will be provided beforehand to maximize the use of available time in hectic schedules. We will also be occasionally meeting to discuss the direction the system is heading, timelines, priorities, and key players lists to ensure success of the project. at that place is a nonher primary source of information which needs addressing, and this is the group of people who extend information we will be adding which did not exist in the legacy system. This group can banish examples of their files, which will determine an early(a) part of the scope of the system, and use cases of how that information is ga in that locationd. afterward this information has been collected, put down and studied, the system development process can begin.The sys tem will be designed victimization the word occupation Development (JAD) regularity. JAD is a prototyping method which gathers our key players listed above, along with other designated individuals to collectively refine melody requirements while in conference with the design team of the software and the support team from IT. The JAD process also includes burn downes for enhancing exploiter participation, expediting the development, and improving the quality of specifications. It consists of a workshop where knowledge workers and IT specialists meet, sometimes for several(prenominal) days, to define and survey the barter requirements for the system. (Joint Application Design Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, n.d.) Using this prototyping method ensures that each key factors such as project support and misdirection will not be an issue. This also ensures that the project gets the proceed support it will need in the future to succeed.SCOPE AND FEASIBILITYDuring the analysis contour of the Systems Development feel Cycle (SDLC), several areas of project feasibility come into play. As discussed above, determining fully the system requirements ensures that you are filling the need of the system. A preliminary study is then conducted to confirm and label the need. A suggestion of how the need may be satisfied is then made. (Scope of Feasibility Analysis Bicara Property, n.d.) The necessity of the system, as headspring as the improvements and requirements of the new system, will all be handled within the JAD process, allowing final project scope and requirements development. These developments can be realizedfinancially to allow final budgetary requirements determination. All of these determinations hinge upon the proper system scope being defined. During this process, the unique considerations are also shared. In this project, the request was to Create a critical system design and a project implementation plan postulate to complete the project.The p roject should be completed in approximately six months allowing new system utilization in the second ninny of next year. (Riordan Manufacturing, 2006.) This design process includes checks and balances, handsome the project the fullest chance of success. During the entire process, oversight will be maintained by corporate leadership. Final approval before entering the next phase of the SLDC allowing equipment buying approval from the COO, Hugh McCauley. By adjacent this process, we can ensure this project produces a system which fulfills the requirements, bringing a sophisticated, state-of-the-art, information system to Riordan Manufacturings Human Resources Department. (Riordan Manufacturing, 2006.)During the JAD process, two methods were determined to delay the requirements, building a system in-house using programmers al subscribey on rung or using off the shelf software from a major corporation. To fulfill user examen requirements, a trial version of the BambooHR software w as tested by staff and management. The BambooHR software fulfills all the requirements with less downtime for the comp each, saving valuable resources and eliminating the need for more support staff to be hired.The design process for this system began by gathering relevant info for the current system and by building both requirements for the new system and use cases of the current processes in the Human Resources department. After gathering and sorting the new system requirements using the Joint Application Design process, it is now affirmable to continue to design both the application architecture and apply the tools of system analysis to describe the information systems.SYSTEM ARCHITECTUREThe lymph node/server architecture is one of the most prevalent system architectures employ in corporations. With Riordans requirements to allow multiple sites ingress to data and to ensure that data remains secure, the data will be storehoused on the server, and assenting routed through a secondaryapplication server. The application server hosts the applications which rise to power the data, allowing a lower cost local machine, and can allow both intranet entrance fee and outside get to using a VPN (Virtual Private Network) connection to create a secure encrypted link between the thickening and the server. This style of client/server architecture is referred to as a three-tiered architecture due to the three tiers involved in accessing the data.Although this method may seem bulky at first, this will allow m either another(prenominal) unalike arrive ats for data security and lower overall cost of the system as requirements are lower for the client computers. The determined requirements for multiple locations to share and modify data go forth with Riordan only required to supply the client systems with no additional support necessary for a data server or application server. Eliminating the current architecture on hand will save maintenance, upgrade and supp ort costs, both in fiscal and staff requirements. The chosen software, Bamboo Human Information Resource System (HRIS) follows the same requirements recommended in terms of ironware as those designed using system analysis.ARCHITECTURE DIAGRAMSECURITY CONTROLSSecurity is the ability to nurture the information system from disruption and data loss, whether caused by an international act (e.g., a hacker or a terrorist attack) or a random event (e.g., disk failure, tornado.) according to SYSTEMS TEXTBOOK. In modern corporations, interior threats can become much more dangerous than external threats. To combat both types of threats implementation of the following security protocols will be included in the systemDATAData must be kept secure and confidential, protected from both intragroup and external threats at all times. Data encryption and passwords will be used in addition to other security features to protect employees. Data stored outwardly to the server, such as the outsourced b enefits data will be reviewed for security procedures and evaluated annually. Currently the data is decentralized, being stored in different offices and by various methods, creating a security problem that the new system can correct. The first quantityto addressing this will be to ensure secure storage of all data. Consolidating data allows secure controls on the access each person has to the secured data by both the application used to access the server, and the access controls given them when they log in. This will also allow multiple applications to access the same data, while leaving greater flexibility to find the best software to fit multiple needs. Each user can add, remove, and manipulate only the data they are given access to, no matter the platform the data is being accessed form.PROCESSESSome legacy processes consolidation will occur as the data is consolidated, and certain processes would benefit from using third party software thereby gaining security certificates and minimizing the amount of knowledge and training required for our Information Technologies department. Many of the software suppliers will assist with training, modification and installation devising the transition from the legacy system easier on staff.INTERFACESSystem interfaces describe how the system shares information with outside sources such as outsourced data, user requests, and internal data sharing. As trespass Detection and Identity steering systems will protect the internal data interfaces, as discussed above, the user interface design process needs to be addressed. As many of the users currently only have forms built for their information and no system to store them in, Riordan Manufacturing can evaluate different third party solutions for a web-based system.Using a web-based system, such as Bamboo HRIS allows applications to be placed on a remote server, lowering the cost of the clients used and saving valuable money and resources. Employees accessing the application server via the intranet will use username/password combinations to decrypt data on their local machine, while access from external sources, including employees at a remote site will use a private key encryption system to decrypt their data. This process minimizes the amount of data stored on the individual clients in case of theft or destruction of client resources.NETWORKThe network consists of the backbone, data server, application server, firewall, and clients. There are four processes that will be used to protectthe network from unauthorized accessImplementation of Intrusion Detection System This system conducts real-time monitoring of the network, database, traffic, and user access and activity to find affirmable intrusion or security risks.Log Management Program Almost all software produces logs which store information on user access, file management, and data modification to name a few examples. Consolidating these logs into easier to read and understand can help identify potential security risks.Identity Management Systems Control access to resources and data based on the users identification within the system, i.e. the users login credentials. Training for Security Measures The best security system will not function to its highest potential unless staff are dexterous in the use of the system. This training includes proper in-processing and out-processing procedures to protect from unauthorized access. Although the Systems Development Life Cycle is a continuous cycle, the final step for this Human Resources Information System project is the Implementation and Operations phase. This is the most expensive and time-consuming phase due to the amount of personnel, resources, and time involved.According to Valacich, George, and Hoffer (2012), there are seven major activities, coding, examen, installation, sustenance, training, support, and maintenance. This document will explore the first six activities, giving a brief description and the plan for i mplementation at Riordan Manufacturing of the Bamboo Human Resources Information System. It is important to ensure that each of these activities are adequately defined, as many of them are conducted multiple times during the life of the system, and some are carried out on a daily basis. make proper procedures for staff and support personnel to follow ensures that all upgrade or modification testing is accomplished to the same standards as the original system.CODINGCoding is the process by which designs are transferred into the corporeal form that is computer software. As the selected system requires no coding, thisaspect will not be mean forTESTINGTesting is an involved process which begins with the first section of inscribe and continues throughout the life of the system. There are several different methods of testing in use today, some in which the grave is persuade to verify operation and output, and some in which a inscribe error review is conducted without operation. The Inspection method involves a physical inspection of the code, checking for syntax, grammar, or other fundamental errors before lead the code while ignoring the purpose of the code. The inspection method usually removes the majority of errors found in the program. A Walkthrough allows testing of the code for functionality and to determine if the code fulfills the design requirements identified by the design team. Desk Checking, another form of checking and verifying code involves running the code with paper and pen to determine the logical validity of the code without running any lines of code.The previous methods of testing are concentered on catching issues when writing code and may not apply to the code purchased off the shelf, or in modular form to work within an existing system. With the cost of development for code, especially in smaller companies this may not be a viable option, however even if purchasing prepackaged code, there are tests which should be run to ensure no p roblems will be found during installation. After the code has been validated by manual means, or for purchased code, it can be processed by a program, such as a compiler, to verify that there are no significant errors by Syntax Checking. Syntax Checking can also be run automatically each time the program saves a file to identify issues which arise causing the system to need maintenance.Code is generally written in modular form in todays environments, and there are methods of testing which lend themselves well to this. Unit testing is designed to test each individual module or unit to verify operation before the modules are combined together into a system. Testing individual modules may seem to be difficult as many modules share data and information, the way to reinstate any call errors is by using Stub Testing. During Stub testing, lines of instructions are inserted in the code to emulate a response from an outside source allowing the program to complete without errors.After testi ng the modules, they are combined and tested again during Integration testing, using a top-down approach to verifying communication theory and data sharing logic is sound. The final methodto discuss is System Testing, the act of testing the finalized system, using the same top-down approach from the Integration phase. The software chosen for Riordan Manufacturing to satisfy the needs listed is off-the-shelf giving limited testing requirements. Alpha Testing was accomplished during the final steps of the JAD, or Joint Application Design, process and beta testing will commence using key stakeholders in the project in one case final project approval has been given.INSTALLATIONThe installation process involves transitioning from the legacy system to the new system and can occur in several different approaches, direct, parallel, single location, and phased. Each installation strategy involves converting not only software but also data and (potentially) hardware, documentation, work meth ods, job descriptions, offices and other facilities, training materials, business forms, and other aspects of the systems (Dennis, Wixom, Roth, 2012, ). Each of these different installation methods has their positive and negative aspects, and can be combined to fit the needs of the business requirements. The Direct Approach is a cold turkey shut down of the legacy system with no transition time, which can be dangerous if there are issues with the new system, or if support or training are lacking, however, this can drive the new system as there is no choice but success.In the Parallel installation method, the legacy system is left running allowing a safety net however, this requires support for both systems causing increased cost to the business. A unity Location approach can allow for adjustments before all sites are brought online, however while the other locations continue to use the legacy system, data must be bridged between the two systems and the same additional costs of the Parallel system are incurred. Finally the Phased approach gradually transitions between the two systems, making transitions easier for the staff, yet limits the newer system to the constraints of the older system as they must share data. For Riordans new HRIS, the direct approach will be combined with the phased approach. Currently only the corporate site is using the legacy system, and phasing the other locations onto the system will allow training in phases by location.DOCUMENTATIONDocumentation of a system comes in several different forms each of utmostimportance. To ensure that the system can be adequately supported and repaired, System documentation is required. To ensure that users properly understand the system, User documentation such as a users guide, release description, system administrators guide, university extension documentation and user acceptance are required. Systems documentation, users guide and reference documentation for this system is provided by Bamboo HR af ter purchase of the system is completed, and acceptance sign-off will be completed as the final step of the installation.TRAININGAs systems can only function to the level at which users can operate the system, user training is tantamount to success of an installation. User training can occur in many different forms, classroom led training, literary resources, and online training, all of which are educational tools to heighten productivity and ensure system success. Support staff will also be trained to understand not only how the user accomplishes tasks within the system, but also the how the system performs these tasks if repair or maintenance is to be conducted. Training on the HRIS will be carried out by BambooHR using several different methods for different topics. As the system will be maintained by an outside company, the focus for Riordan will be user training.All staff will be trained using online methods with documentation support for using the new system as all pertinent e mployee information will be handled through the online system to include benefits, vacation time, and training. Specialist training will be available for the following procedures benefit tracking, recruitment, employee and management training, employee tracking, login management, payroll activities, penning management, change requests and performance reviews by BambooHR. In addition, IT support staff will receive refresher training in application program interface to allow for interactivity and continued development of the system as business needs change.SUPPORTSupport of a system is conducted not only on the system itself, in terms of upgrades for the hardware and software, and backups of the data, but also support for the users. With any system, issues occur during use, and an avenue for users to report these quickly and accurately, and receive assistance for problems is required. Tracking these reported problems canhelp system analysts and support staff determine if there is a f ix for the software or hardware, or if more user training can solve the issues.CONCLUSIONPurchasing the Bamboo HRIS program has both substantial and intangible benefits for Riordan Manufacturing. The financial aspect, $16,512 a year ($8 per employee for 172 regular employees) dwarfs the price of purchasing and installing the required hardware to run an on-site system, while removing the current outsourcing which exists for benefits management. Provided training, customer support, security support, data migration, business report design and security upgrades add to the overall corporate value and dispensing of the legacy system releases it support personnel while lowering utility and maintenance bills. Determinations of the proper level of support staffing needed to continue business operations after the legacy system retirement will be conducted to eliminate nonessential personnel.REFERENCESCutler, T. P. (2015). inhering vs. external threats Digital locksmiths. Retrieved from htt p//digitallocksmithsinc.com/2013/03/27/internal-vs-external-threats/.VQ5XR-HZBww Riordan Manufacturing (2006). Riordan Intranet. Retrieved March 15, 2015 from http//ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/cist/libraries/IT Service Requests.htm University of Phoenix 2005-2009Unified Security Management USM Platform. (2015). Retrieved from https//www.alienvault.com/products?utm_source=Googleutm_medium=CPCutm_term=%2Balienvaultutm_campaign=SITELINK-ALIENVAULT_USMgclid=COrosKLUv8QCFRSIfgodGr4AUg Joint application design Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_application_design Bicara, Bedes (2009). Bicara Property. Retrieved January 16, 2010 from http//bicaraproperty.wordpress.com/2009/08/19/scope-of-feasibility-analysis BambooHR Human resources software for small and medium businesses. (2015). Retrieved from http//www.bamboohr.com/ Valacich, J. S., George, J. F., Hoffer, J. A. (2012). Essentials of Systems Analysis and Design (5th ed.). Ret rieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection.