An Overview Of Tourism Management Issues Tourism Essay

An Overview Of tourism Management Issues Tourism Essay unyielding touristry has been defined as encompassing the controlation to any point associated with death, possibility and disaster in the twentieth century for remembrance, education or entertainment. Furthermore Howie (2003) argues that visits to the sites of recent tragedies, as for mannequin the site of the World swop Center in natural York destroyed by terrorist attacks in 2001, trounce comebacks of both genuine compassion and morbid fascination. Urry (1991, taken from Theobald, 1994) excessively hints that nostalgia, it would seem, knows no limits, to the virtual extent that the worse the experience the more appealing the lineion. The desire of in solelyice side of tourism has as well been identified by Dann and Seaton (2001) as incorporating what they call thanatourism, milking the macabre as a kind that pervades tourism in general.As suggested by McCormick (2004) dark tourism is not a new-made phenomenon as it can be referred back to the duodecimal century when the red death of the British Canterbury in the towns cathedral attracted many battalion to the site. Todays sites much(prenominal) as Chernobyl, The World Trade Center, Auschwitz or level sites where famous people were killed such(prenominal) as John F Kennedy ar all experiencing an emergence in visitors snatch (Lennon and Foley, 2004). As an article by the Guardian (2004) suggest, the salvo that in 1986, ripped the roof off Chernobyls fourth reactor, causing the buildings walls to bend and cast tons of radioactive waste into the air, is today a popular tourer site. For foreigners, Chernobyl is easily added to a long list of tourist attractions whose fame turns on tragedy or disaster, but for those that live in the affected atomic number 18a, it is a opposite story. As the Ukrainian tourist boards executive director suggested Chernobyl is not a historical place, it is a sleeping lion, and when a lion is sleeping you do not open the cage.Other historical sites also include that of Auschwitz, a symbol of terror, genocide and the final solution. The number of registered visitors to this site be increasing and as the statistics show, the number of visitors of some countries, such as the USA, has doubled from 34404 to 62997 between 2003 and 2004 (Auschwitz, 2004), re-affirming the dictation put forward by Lennon and Foley (2004) that dark tourism is on the increase.to a greater extent recently a polish that has been affected by the terrorist attacks and that has seen an increase in inbound tourism, has been the World Trade Center, or better known as Ground Zero. In 2002, the ruins of the World Trade Center in New York attracted 3.6 million visitors, while the observation deck from the intact towers used to attract an average of 1.8 million tourists per year (McCormick, 2004).It must be tell that in that assess are many more sites that have not been previously mentioned that are worth consi dering for future research to get along understand the spread of dark tourism.Having considered some of the sites that best represent the view of dark tourism, the act leave now briefly look at the reasons behind this form of tourism and an in-depth analysis of the implications on tourism management issues will follow.Foley, Lennon and Maxwell (1997) suggest that many of the deaths and disasters that gave rise to heritage interpretation had received consider able reportage via global media, international news and film media. Young (1993, taken from Lennon and Foley, 2004) argues that thither are elements of the ancient in dark tourism, in the visitation of these sites that are intended to maintain memory. People will be motivated by different things, perhaps they decide to visit these sites out of curiosity, pay their respect to those who have lost their lives or simply because they feel as if they are part of this (Di Sante, 2003).For the purpose of this task, the essay will no w consider the tourism management issues as a result of the widespread of dark tourism. As with any tourist site, the conservation and safeguard of these monuments, museums or any former(a) site, is perhaps the most relevant of all. Although the increase of dark tourism may mean that more people are now aware of what has happened for example during the Nazism and perhaps in a way it limits these atrocities to be repeated, a number of important issues have also been identified. As suggested by Lennon (2004) if there are lots of people involved in these attractions, you need regulations. It promotes ingrained sensitivities and a lot depends on the motivation of visitors, is it morbid curiosity or is there personal reasons? One of the tourism management issues identified is that of the long-run damage caused by visitors. Inevitably the high number of visitors received by sites such as Auschwitz, ground Zero, Chernobyl, will have an impact in the long term. Therefore it is important to impose a visitor number management to control how many visitors are coming through the site. The breastplate of these are vital if damage is to be avoid and protection is also needed to restrain vandals from leaving their mark on everything they visit (Yale, 2004).As Yale (2004) also suggests weathering is also a major concern for those sites that are opened to the elements, wind, rain, frost and sun, can be damaged unless shelter is provided or excess arrangements made. Auschwitz camp is a perfect example for this. It is in the process of unbroken erosion the growth of botany and foliage- coverage has to be managed and controlled. As Lennon and Foley (2004) further suggest, there should be management rather than restoration. This dark attraction has with child(p) visitor number and catalysed economic activity.A very important issue also identified is that of nuance management. Tourist must be habituated a code of conduct and be educate to behave in a certain way when vi siting detail sites as to adapt and integrate with the topical anesthetic community to avoid conflict. Tourist themselves have, or should have, an liability to observe codes of behaviour and be aware of cultural norms in the destination they are visiting (Howie, 2003).Some behaviour such as inebriant abuse, shouting, fighting should not be permitted as these might insult the local community and lack of respect needed in these tragedy sites. dapple at Auschwitz-Birkenau, groups of schoolchildren were taking photographs of each other, parents were photographing their children at the gates of Birkenau and indeed, school parties were sitting on the ruins of the crematorium eating sandwiches(Lennon and Foley, 2004).Furthermore funds required to follow sites will also be of consideration. The two options that will be forthcoming to raise funds would probably lie with government support and a visitors entrance fee.It can be construed that the phenomenon of dark tourism is not a re cent trend but its origins can be traced back to the twelfth century. grungy tourism has been defined as those visits to any site associated with death, disaster and tragedy in the twentieth century for remembrance, education or entertainment. It was noted that there are various reasons of why people decide to visit these particular sites morbid curiosity, remembrance, the need to pay respects are just a few of these. The essay also looked at the more rough-cut cases of sites where dark tourism is more noticeable. Auschwitz, Chernobyl and the World Trade Center were taken into consideration while it was also noted that other sites such as the death site of John F Kennedys murder provoke peoples interests. It was also noted that the number of visitors, of a particular country, at certain sites such as Auschwitz had doubled between 2003 and 2004 re-affirming the statement that suggested that dark tourism is increasing.Furthermore, the essay also determined that there are a number of tourism management issues involved with dark tourism conservation and safeguard of these sites weathering of those sites capable to the elements, wind, rain, frost and sun, and that can be damaged unless shelter is provided or special arrangements made. It was also noted that Auschwitz is currently in the process of erosion, the overgrowth of vegetation for example is going out of hand and it really needs a management program more than a restoration program to corroborate it in perfect order. Vandalism was also noted as a tourism management issue to take into consideration. Finally it was noted that culture management is also very important and tourists must be educated to behave in a certain way when visiting particular sites to avoid conflict. Site managers should seek government funds or even impose a small entrance fee to be able to continue the conservation process.Back to Example EssaysBibliographyAuschwitz (2003) Memorial and Museum Auschwitz- Birkenau, Avaialble from htt p//www.auschwitz-muzeum.oswiecim.pl/html/eng/ lead/Dann, G. M.S. and Seaton, A.V. (2001) Slavery, Contested Heritage and Thanatourism, Birmingham The Haworth Hospitality press outDi Sante, T. (2003) Why were drawn to the root of terror, 06 Sep., The TimesFoley, M., Lennon, J. and Maxwell, G. (1997) Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Management Issues in Strategy and Culture, capital of the United Kingdom CassellHowie, F. (2003) Managing the Tourist Destination, London ContinuumLennon, J. (2004) Seminar on dark tourism, 13 Aug., Issue 2627, give-up the ghost Trade Gazette in the Times, 20 Aug, p 4Lennon, J. and Foley, M. (2004) Dark Tourism, London ThomsonMcCormick, M. (2004) Ground Zero and the phenomena of dark tourism, Available from http//www.pilotguides.com/destination_guide/north_america/new_york/ground_zero.phpThe Guardian (2004) postal card from Hell, 18 Oct, p1-4Theobald, W. (1994) Global tourism the next decade, Oxford Butterworth HeinemannUrry, J. (1991) The Tourist Gaze, London ableYale, P. (2004) From Tourist Attractions to Heritage Tourism, 3rd ed., ElmYoung, J.E. (1993) The Texture of Memory Holocaust Memorials and Meaning, New Haven, CT Yale University PressBoniface, P. (2001)Dynamic tourism, Channel View PublicationsBoniface, P. and Fowler, P.J. (1993) Heritage and Tourism in the global village, London RoutledgeHerbert, D.T. (1995) Heritage, Tourism and Society, PinterUzzell, D. (1989) Heritage Interpretation, London Belhaven PressYale, P. 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